Which safety checks should be performed before a session?

• A. Confirm diagnosis/indication, check device settings and connections, inspect electrodes and cable integrity, verify impedance within acceptable range, assess skin condition, and obtain patient comfort feedback.
• B. Turn on device and start stimulation without checks.
• C. Check only device settings; skip impedance check.
• D. Visual inspection only; no patient feedback.

Answer: (A)

Before any electrotherapy session, performing a comprehensive safety check is essential to deliver therapy safely and effectively. Start by confirming that the patient’s diagnosis or indication matches the treatment planned, so the session is appropriate and likely to help rather than cause harm. Then review the device settings and ensure all connections are correct, including the proper channels and lead placement, so the intended parameters are delivered accurately and safely.

Inspect the electrodes and cables for wear, damage, or loose connections. Damaged leads or poorly contacting electrodes can cause unpredictable currents, hotspots, or interruptions in stimulation. Check impedance within the acceptable range to verify a good skin–electrode interface; high impedance can indicate poor contact or dry skin, while very low impedance may signal a fault, both of which affect safety and treatment delivery.

Assess the skin condition at electrode sites to prevent burns or irritation and to ensure reliable conduction. Consider factors like dryness, abrasions, or sensitive areas, and prepare the skin as required by protocol. Finally, obtain patient comfort feedback—ask about sensation, comfort level, and any early signs of adverse effects—so you can adjust the setup or parameters promptly.

Together, these steps reduce the risk of burns, shocks, or ineffective therapy and help catch issues before they become problems. Skipping any part, such as not checking impedance, not verifying connections, or not assessing comfort, can lead to unsafe delivery or poor outcomes.